Future sixth-generation (6G) networks aim to enable new services with vastly different data rates, latencies, and scalability requirements. Open radio access network (O-RAN), a key architecture for 6G, provides flexibility, openness, and interoperability. However, the open architecture of O-RAN poses challenges for network accountability and reliability. …

As blockchain networks grow, sharding offers a promising solution to scalability challenges by dividing the network into smaller segments. However, managing cross-shard transactions, especially those involving smart contract calling, introduces significant complexities due to the extensive coordination required between shards. This paper introduces a novel framework for blockchain architectures with overlapping shards to address these…

Integrating sharded blockchain with IoT presents a solution for trust issues and optimized data flow. Sharding boosts blockchain scalability by dividing its nodes into parallel shards, yet it is vulnerable to the 1% attacks where dishonest nodes target a shard to corrupt the entire blockchain. Balancing security with scalability is pivotal for such systems. Deep…

Existing permissionless sharded-Blockchains come on the scene. However, there is a lack of systematic formulations and experiments regarding the behaviors of individual miners. In this article, we interpret block mining in a permissionless sharded-Blockchain as a repeated  M -player noncooperative game with finite actions, and propose a new multiagent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) framework to allow the…

The last few years have seen a high volume of sophisticated cyber-attacks leading to financial instability and privacy breaches. This reveals the need for a Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) that is more robust, effective, and capable of learning complex relations of network flows. Existing machine learning approaches are barely effective for picking new attacks…